Exchange traded funds trade on stock exchanges, just like stocks. Investors can buy them on margin, or sell them short. The best exchange-traded funds offer well-diversified, tax-efficient portfolios with exceptionally low management ETF fees. They are also very liquid.
Investors use ETFs in a variety of ways, and some investors work only with ETFs and no other type of investment in portfolio creation.
An amazing aspect of ETFs is their diversity. Some investors may create an entire portfolio solely from a few well-diversified ETFs.
ETFs trade on stock exchanges, just like stocks. That’s different from mutual funds, which you can only buy at the end of the day at a price that reflects the fund’s value at the close of trading.
Prices of ETFs are quoted in newspaper stock tables and online. You pay brokerage commissions to buy and sell them, but their low management fees give them a cost advantage over most mutual funds.
As well, shares are only added or removed when the underlying index changes. As a result of this low turnover, you won’t incur the regular capital gains taxes generated by the yearly distributions most conventional mutual funds pay out to unitholders.
ETFs have a place in every investor’s portfolio, at TSI Network we also recommend using our three-part Successful Investor strategy:
- Invest mainly in well-established companies;
- Spread your money out across most if not all of the five main economic sectors (Manufacturing & Industry; Resources & Commodities; the Consumer sector; Finance; Utilities);
- Downplay or avoid stocks in the broker/media limelight.
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The fund’s largest holding is Taiwan Semiconductor at 24.1% of assets. That’s high for one stock, but the company continues to be the world’s top maker of the most complex computer chips, with customers such as Apple. Other top stocks held by the ETF include Hon Hai (contract electronics maker) at 5.8%; and MediaTek (computer chips) at 4.2%.
The MER (Management Expense Ratio) is generally much lower on traditional ETFs than on conventional mutual funds. That’s because most traditional ETFs take a much simpler approach to investing. Instead of actively managing clients’ investments, ETF providers invest so as to mirror the holdings and performance of a particular stock-market index.
One popular method of dividing listed equities into groups is by market value. This normally results in three groups: large, medium, and small companies.
There is no universal definition of value investing. However, most value investors will focus on the price that they pay for a stock relative to the company’s estimated value, earnings or assets—aiming to get a substantial discount to the perceived value of the assets. Growth investors, on the other hand, are more interested in a company’s growth prospects and tend to pay premiums for those with strong growth potential.
Most ETF managers focusing on value investing have pre-determined criteria for selecting stocks. Here are examples of their strategies:
Meanwhile, Switzerland has prospered with its export-oriented economy, but the country now faces a new challenge with very high tariffs being applied by the U.S.—a key export market for Swiss corporations.
Here is one ETF that provides exposure to the top Swiss public companies.
Here’s a look at three ETFs that meet that criteria. Meantime, please see the Supplement on page 100 for more on small caps in general.
The geographical distribution of the portfolio assets is mostly to European Union countries (52% of assets), Japan (25%), and countries in Asia (12%).
Financial Services make up 24% of the portfolio, followed by Consumer Goods (15%), Industrials (17%), Healthcare (9%), and Technology (8%).