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A: The decision to go public or remain private depends on a number of factors that a company’s owners must evaluate from the unique perspective of the firm.


The main reason that a company sells shares to the public through an initial public offering (IPO) is to raise capital from a large number of investors. This capital could be used for any number of things—from funding growth by acquisition and the expansion of existing operations to funding research and paying down debt. Share capital is also generally cheaper than debt financing, especially for junior companies that have to pay high interest rates on loans.
A: Live Nation Entertainment Inc., $164.93, symbol LYV on New York (Shares outstanding: 232.0 million; Market cap: $38.4 billion; www.livenationentertainment.com), is the largest live entertainment company in the world. In 2024, it connected over 788 million fans across its concerts and ticketing platforms in 21 countries.

Live Nation is the largest producer of live music concerts in the world. The company connected 151 million fans to about 11,000 artists at 54,000 events in 2024. It has exclusive booking rights for (or at least an equity interest in) 394 venues globally. These include House of Blues music venues and prestigious locations such as The Fillmore in San Francisco, Brooklyn Bowl in New York City, and the Hollywood Palladium in Los Angeles.
A: Pan American Silver Corp., $47.34, symbol PAAS on Toronto (Shares outstanding: 361.8 million; Market cap: $17.1 billion; www.panamericansilver.com), is a leading producer of silver and gold in the Americas.


The company has operating mines in Canada, Mexico, Peru, Brazil, Bolivia, Chile, and Argentina. It also owns the Escobal mine in Guatemala, which has suspended its operations. In addition, Pan American has interests in exploration and development projects.



The company operates through two segments: Silver and Gold.
A: Loblaw Companies Ltd., $57.07, symbol L on Toronto (Shares outstanding: 1.2 billion; Market cap: $67.2 billion; TSINetwork Rating: Above Average; www.loblaw.ca) is still a buy.
The retail giant operates 1,089 supermarkets under several banners, including Loblaws, Zehrs, Provigo, Real Canadian Superstore and No Frills.



In March 2014, it purchased the Shoppers Drug Mart chain for $12.3 billion in cash and shares. Shoppers operates 1,361 drugstores across Canada.
“Why do companies undertake stock splits, and what’s the impact?”

It’s a double-barrelled question that comes up every so often from our Inner Circle. Just below is the most recent example. Our answer hasn’t changed much over the years.

In brief, when a company splits its shares, it is merely cutting itself up into a different number of pieces, without changing its fundamental value. It simply wants its stock to trade in a price-per-share range that seems reasonable to investors.